The total application of the VAT system since the beginning of 2015 has resulted in the simplified accounting for costs of production – construction of buildings. Upon the sales of the new real estate the value is not any more divided into two tax bases (VAT and capital transfer tax), which enables the recording of all the construction costs and the land in one account, i.e. according to the cost bearer – the building.
However, there are new requirements referring to the recording of reconstructed buildings with the corresponding land. Such a real estate may be introduced in the VAT system as a unit. Accordingly, the purchase value is compared to the reconstruction costs. If they are higher, such a real estate may subject to VAT taxation, or this may comprise some other tax alternatives.
The conversion of real estate in one’s own long-term assets is performed through the procedure of recognition of income and expenses.
Autor: Dr. sc. Vlado BRKANIĆ , prof. vis. šk., ovl. rač. i ovl. rev.
After the completion of financial and tax reports for 2014 all the reports, documents and records of 2014 should be collected for filing. There are various regulations which determine the filing of business documents. This article presents the types of business documents and the period in which they should be filed according to the Accounting Act and the General Taxation Act.
The users of financial reports require objective, true and fair information, which can be analysed and represent the basis for making decisions regarding their business interests. The measures of creative accounting try to present a better financial result and position of assets or a worse financial result and position of assets, than they actually are. The article presents the ways of manipulating costs, income, reservations and reserves, which are just some of the methods which may affect the final financial results and enable to the creators of financial reports to achieve their own goals.
Credit losses became a current issue in 2008 due to the beginning of the financial crisis, which resulted in the fact that many financial institutions and the companies with the substantial share of financial placements were on the edge of existence. In such a situation, timely forecasts and the recording of the expected credit losses play a rather important role. The above stated issues have been considered as priorities by the IASB and the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, suggesting that they should be solved through the corresponding accounting procedures. Accordingly, the IFRS 9 has been amended. The application of the amendments is presented in this article.
Autori: Prof. dr. sc. Josipa MRŠA Josip Čičak , mag. oec.
This budgetary accounting workshop presents and explains the accounting for gifting i.e. the transfer of long-term non-financial assets between budgetary persons or gifting to the off-budget person in the case when such long-term non-financial assets do not have any book value in the moment of gifting i.e. transfer.
Under such circumstances, it is suggested to revaluate such assets. It should be taken into account that the same business event is differently accounted, considering the person who has obtained them as a gift.
Autor: Mr. sc. Nada DREMEL , dipl. oec., ovl. rač., ovl. rev. i porezni savjetnik
A simple-entry bookkeeping may be applied in the non-profit accounting system, taking into consideration certain pre-conditions. When they have been fulfilled, the corresponding business records should be kept. The samples are presented in this article.
Autori: Mr. sc. Nada DREMEL , dipl. oec., ovl. rač., ovl. rev. i porezni savjetnik Paulina BELANČIĆ , bacc. oec.
This workshop presents the accounting for cash depositing and some procedures referring to the uncertain receivables.
Upon cash depositing in the commercial bank it should not be forgotten to add interests to the deposited amount, if the new deposit is increased by such an amount. It is not important whether the previous deposit has not been paid back on the business account.
The accounting for uncertain receivables should be closely connected with the administration of the non-profit organization.
Autor: Mr. sc. Nada DREMEL , dipl. oec., ovl. rač., ovl. rev. i porezni savjetnik
The acquisition of the employment status is the most common case of obtaining the rights from the social insurance. Such rights arise from the pension insurance based on the generation solidarity (First Pillar), the pension insurance based on the individual capitalised savings (Second Pillar), the obligatory health insurance and the insurance in case of unemployment. The rights from the above stated insurances are financed from the contributions which are paid on all the receipts realized through the employment, such as the monthly salary determined in the contract on employment and all other receipts paid by the employer based on the working relationship.
In view of the contributions for pension insurance, which the payment of pensions depends on, the basis of such contributions has been adjusted to the possibility of pension payment, i.e. determination of the pension amounts in the corresponding regulations on pension insurance. The basis for payment of contributions for pension insurance is limited on the monthly and annual levels in accordance with the Act on Contributions, which should be mostly taken into consideration upon payment of bonuses and other similar receipts from the work relationship.
Autor: Lucija TURKOVIĆ-JARŽA, dipl. oec. i ovl. rač.
Within its electronically provided services the Tax Administration is constantly offering the new ones, in order to enable to tax payers the transparency of operations with the State. The basic goal of the electronically provided services is to make the work easier and to save time. Accordingly, the Tax Administration has recently developed a new application The Specification of Unrelated Payments in co-ordination with the Main Register of Insured Persons. Such an application enables the connection of unrelated payments (the payments which were not connected within the system) and the debits which arose upon the submission of JOPPD forms.
Accommodation services may be rendered directly to guests or through a tourist agency. In view of determining the tax position, the most important issue upon signing the contract between the commercial catering facility and the agency is to precisely state the services which are to be provided, the accommodation or the rent, including the provision on whose behalf and whose account the agency operates. The tax position of the stated services depend on such data. If the travel agency operates on its behalf, it is obliged (since the accession of the Republic of Croatia in the EU) to apply the special procedure of taxation of travel agencies and does not have the right to choose another tax position. However, in the case of organizing travels outside the EU, or the third countries, the agency acts as a mediator. Thus, in view of taxation the agency performs mediation activities. In accordance with the tax regulations, such a service is VAT exempted.
The author of the article explains the application of the customs procedure 42 in the Republic of Croatia in view of the VAT taxation.The article includes the examples of realization of the above stated procedure, comprising the importers of goods which are tax payers in the Republic of Croatia, the importers of goods which are tax payers in the EU, depending on whether the tax payer of the EU has appointed a tax representative or has been registered as a VAT payer in the Republic of Croatia. Besides, the author presents the way of performing the customs procedure 42 in Croatia combining a three-sided business deal. Finally, the article presents the customs procedure 42 carried out in Slovenia, including the example of importing goods by the Croatian tax payer into Slovenia from the third country and their further delivery into the Republic of Croatia.
Autor: Dr. sc. Tamara CIRKVENI FILIPOVIĆ , viši pred. i ovl. rač.
The institute of administrative contract enables to tax payers to settle their due tax debts in the period of 24 months with the application of the default interest rate of 12% on the of the reprogrammed debt capital amount.
The administrative contract may comprise tax debts, representing the income of the state budget, the debt for income tax, the debt for capital transfer tax and the debt for local taxes, representing the income of municipalities and cities.
In order to determine the amount of the tax debt, for which a tax payer may submit a claim for signing an administrative contract, it is necessary to perform the procedure of adjustment of the balance with the tax payer. If the tax payer has signed the administrative contract with the tax body, he/she is obliged to respect the deadlines and the way of payment of the monthly amounts determined in the contract. In the case of disrespecting the deadlines, the administrative contract shall be terminated by one party.
Autor: Mr. sc. Mirjana MAHOVIĆ KOMLJENOVIĆ, dipl. oec.
The latest Amendments to the General Tax Act, which became effective in March 2015, have introduced some new institutes in the tax law, such as issuing of the binding opinions, the possibility to make a tax settlement and to sign an administrative contract between the tax payer and the tax authority. The Amendments also determine the obligation to submit statistical reports to the Tax Administration for the purpose of determining the facts important for taxation, the possibility and the obligation of correction of the tax return, personal delivery by e-mail, all aimed at more efficient and more economical realization of the tax procedure and supporting tax payers to voluntarily fulfil their tax obligations through stimulative measures.
Internal audit is a common process in the organizational process of large companies, which points to the importance of the internal auditor within such a business system. The important tasks of internal auditors comprise the internal monitoring of business operations of such companies, checking-up the compliance of their business operations with the management plans and programmes, i.e. shareholders’ goals, including possible violation of the regulations and internal byelaws. The results of the audit should be presented in the report and submitted to the company’s supervisory board. The supervisory board approves of the annual plan of internal audit, analyses the obtained results, brings the corresponding conclusions and controls the realization. Internal auditors also analyse and control the efficiency of the internal audit systems. The immanent characteristics of internal audit are independence and objectivity, which represent the pre-conditions for making unbiased conclusions on the findings and the suggestion to correct the determined irregularities.
The auditor is responsible for reporting the flaws observed during the internal auditing of financial reports, which should be regarded as important based on the auditor’s professional estimate. The flaws should be reported to the persons in charge of managing the company and the company’s management. The article analyses the requirements and instructions regarding the auditor’s responsibility to report on the flaws observed during the internal auditing.
Porezna konkurencija i transparentnost
1. EK prezentirala mjere za poreznu transparentnost
2. Završeni pregovori sa Švicarskom o većoj poreznoj transparentnosti
3. Bugarska se protivi novom grčkom porezu
4. BusinessEurope poziva na veća ulaganja
5. Sve EU informacije na jednoj internetskoj stranici
6. Troškovi rada u Hrvatskoj daleko ispod prosjeka EU-a
The special regulation, passed on 17 March 2015, introduced certain measures and standards for publicly owned companies for the approval and awarding of financial assets for the programmes and/or projects to the associations and non-financial aids through sponsorships or donations. The article presents an overview of the provisions which have to be followed by publicly owned companies.
Although the Republic of Croatia had a legal framework to include anti-damping and compensational customs tariffs before its accession into the European Union, no measure was introduced based on such regulations. Compensational and anti-damping customs tariffs are collected independently from customs tariffs, taxes and other compensations which are usually collected upon import, and thus represent an additional compensation.
The new Rulebook on Contents and Ways of Keeping Records on Employees determines the contents and the ways of keeping the records on the employees who are employed by the employer and the employees hired by the employer. The author of the text presents an overview of the new and changed provisions of the new Rulebook compared to the old one, including the samples of the records on employees and working time, the samples of the special records on employees and the penalties in the case of not keeping such records or not keeping them in the determined way. The article also stresses the main problems which the employers have to face with upon keeping the above stated records.
The European court proceedings are not so common yet. The application of one Directive requires a simultaneous application of the other ones, sub-regulations from the EU law and the law of the state in which the particular court proceedings are carried out. According to the Lisbon Agreement the EU authorities are divided into exclusive, divided and complementary ones. For more than a year the EU law has been applied in practice, which has resulted in a number of questions regarding the direct application of the Directives. Accordingly, the author of the text stresses the most important characteristics of the Directives which affect the court proceedings regarding civil, commercial and distraint cases.
In view of operations of associations, the regulation referring to the entry of associations in the corresponding Register at the Ministry of Administration was passed at the beginning of 2015. The regulation requires the entry of the changes in the Register, which is important due to the obligation to comply the statutes with the corresponding legal framework. This regulation also determines the way of keeping the Register and the access to it, which is especially interesting to the public.
The article presents the contents of the Register, the registration procedure, the Register excerpt, including a special emphasis on the data accessibility and classification of associations.
The new system of financing of non-profit organizations has been applied since March 2015. All the interested parties should adjust to this system until mid-May. The providers of public funds and all the beneficiaries of these funds should be adjusted to the new system. The beneficiaries do not only comprise associations, but also all non-profit organizations. Due to the large number of criteria and the measures of norming the procedures of financing and contracting programmes and projects of the common interest, all the parties are expected to be properly engaged in the adjustment process of the new regulation which has introduced some strict rules of practice.
1. Opći pregled
2. Cijene u RH I EU-u
3. Industrijska proizvodnja RH i EU-a
4. Vajskotrgovinska razmjena
5. Trgovina na malo u RH i EU-u
6. Turizam
7. Plaće
8. Likvidnost i insolventnost
9. Zaposlenost i nezaposlenost Hrvatske i EU-a