The accounting for fixed assets held for sale is determined by the IFRS 5 and CFRS 8. The value of such assets will be compensated by sales, not by their use. The author of the article presents the cases in which fixed assets should be classified as the assets held for sale and the way in which the value of such assets is determined. The article explains when such assets may be re-classified to the position of the assets for use and presents some examples of recording the classification of fixed assets held for sale and the re-classification of such assets on the position of the assets for use.
The author of this article presents the Interpretation 13 – Programs of Awarding Customers’ Loyalty in view of the application of the IAS 18 – Income. The article deals with the problem of recording and presenting the income in the case when the customers obtain fromthe seller award credits for their loyalty. Such award credits enable to the customer to gain some additional discounts or delivery of goods and services free of charge. It is considered that the sales upon which the award credits are gained and the sales (delivery) when such credits are realized represent one transaction, which means that it is necessary to reserve the expenses for the used credits upon the first sales.
Od 1. travnja 2014. cijena vode porasla je za 1,50 kn po m?, a razlog tomu je povećanje naknade za korištenje vodom. Navedeno povećanje cijena odražava se na ukupne troškove poduzetnika, i to osobito onih koji se bave proizvodnjom u kojoj je cijena vode znatna stavka. O načinu određivanja cijene vode te ostalim specifičnostima poslovanja javnih isporučitelja vodnih usluga, pročitajte u nastavku članka. 1. Uvod 2. Struktura cijene vodnih usluga 3. Porezni položaj vodnih naknada 4. Račun za vodne usluge 5. Zaključak
The new IFRS 11 – Joint Arrangements has been applied since 1 January 2013. It replaced the IAS 31 - Interests in Joint Ventures. The article explains the reasons for replacement of the IAS 31 and presents the main guidelines of the IFRS 11. The main changes of the new standard refer to the classification of joint arrangements, determination of the standards for the accounting presentation of the results of all common arrangements and cancellation of the proportional consolidation method.
Autori: Ivana OUŽECKI , mr. oec. Riano BUKŠA , mr. oec.
Informatičko doba donijelo nam je brojne pogodnosti. Malo je onoga što se danas ne može učiniti s tri klika mišem. Jedna od pogodnosti koja znatno ubrzava radne procese svakako jest i e-račun. Riječ je o računu napravljenom u elektroničkom obliku koji se nakon izdavanja sigurnim kanalima šalje primatelju. 1. Kako je počelo 2. Europska praksa i šire 3. Kako je e-fakturiranje uređeno u Hrvatskoj 4. Kako prepoznati pravovaljani e-račun, kako ga zaprimiti i arhivirati u skladu sa zakonom 5. Prednosti korištenja e-računom
This workshop presents the recording of the assignment of claim and the difference of foreign currency clause upon the purchase of long-term non-financial assets. Due to the various models of contract relations which are present upon signing the contract on assignment of claim, the contract relations are presented differently in view of the responsibility for collection of receivables. The accounting regulations do not require the inclusion of the differences which arise from the application of the foreign currency clause in the purchase value of long-term non-financial assets. Accordingly, they are presented as the expenditure of the class 3.
Autor: Mr. sc. Nada DREMEL , dipl. oec., ovl. rač., ovl. rev. i porezni savjetnik
Due to the importance of sports in the society, it is important to determine its status in view of the tax regulations and the regulations on contributions for compulsory insurances. Accordingly, the author has prepared two articles on taxation of physical persons within the system of sports, explaining the provisions of the Act on Income Tax and the Rulebook on the Income Tax and the obligation to pay the corresponding contributions. This article analyzes the work of the persons in sports (especially athletes) from the viewpoint of income taxation and payment of compulsory contributions. The second part will analyze the prizes for sports achievements, sports scholarships and compensations for professional training in sports, as well as the system of reporting and the submission of the annual tax return.
me Depositing of Cash and Return of Unspent Gifted Cash This workshop presents the recordings of 1. Time Depositing of Cash and 2. Return of Unspent Gifted Cash.In the case of time depositing of cash in the bank, it should not be forgotten to record the accrued interests if the new deposit is increased by such an amount. It is not important for the previous time deposit to be returned on the business account. In the case of the return of unspent gifted cash, the expenditure or deferred items are recorded, together with the obligation of return, depending on the purpose of the gifted cash and when the person who has obtained the gift has this cash on disposal.
Autor: Mr. sc. Nada DREMEL , dipl. oec., ovl. rač., ovl. rev. i porezni savjetnik
The obligation of calculation of contributions from and on salary, income tax and surtax emerges in the moment of salary payment, regardless of whether such a salary is paid to the total amount or in parts. If the salary has not been paid, the contributions from and on salary are due until the last day of the month for the salary of the previous month. The tax and surtax are always due upon the payment of net salary. In the moment of due payment of contributions, income tax and surtax the JOPPD Form is to be filled in, regardless of whether the salary is paid to the total amount or in parts. The way of presenting the data in the corresponding forms which are submitted to the Tax Administration should be taken into consideration.
Autor: Lucija TURKOVIĆ-JARŽA, dipl. oec. i ovl. rač.
Salary represents a taxable receipt realized from the employment status and is the basis for compulsory insurances and payment of contributions from salary, on salary, income tax and surtax, even in the case when it is paid according to the court decision. The contributions are always paid on the base amount and according to the rates which were valid in the moment when the salary should have been paid. The tax and surtax are paid according to the rates and the way valid at the moment of the salary payment according to the court decision, during the court procedure, according to the settlement made at the authorized state attorney in the procedures for amicable settlement of dispute, according to the settlement made in the procedure of conciliation in the individual labour disputes according to the Act on Conciliation or the Distraint Act. Salary includes contributions for pension insurance, income tax, and surtax to the income tax, the amount of which depends on the amount of the non-taxable part of the salary (personal exemption) and the net salary which depends on the amount of tax and surtax. If such a content of the salary has been sued, the technique of calculation is simpler and the tax liability lower due to the fact that there are no accumulated payments in one month, neither the increased progression. In such a case there is a specific way of presenting the data in the reports submitted to the Tax Administration.
Autor: Lucija TURKOVIĆ-JARŽA, dipl. oec. i ovl. rač.
The calculation and recording of the travel order form for a business trip abroad and the taxation treatment of the expenses arisen abroad are similar to those regarding a domestic business trip. However, there are some differences which are explained in this article. The author also explains the recording of the corrections and supplements which should be carried out when the calculated travel order form is to be paid.
Autor: Anamarija Miletić , dipl. oec., ACCA i ovl. rev.
In order to secure the stability of the Budget of the Republic of Croatia, one of the security measures of fiscal income are comprised by the Amendments to the Act on Contributions, according to which the health insurance rate has been increased from 13% to 15%. The article deals with the issues, such as which contribution rate for the health insurance is to be applied upon the calculation of certain receipts.
Snižena stopa PDV-a od 13 % primjenjuje se u oporezivanju usluga smještaja u komercijalnim ugostiteljskim objektima od 1. siječnja 2014. Kako se navedene usluge mogu pružati izravno gostima ili putem turističke agencije, za određivanje poreznog položaja najvažnije je da se pri sklapanju ugovora između komercijalnog ugostiteljskog objekta i agencije točno navedu usluge koje će se obavljati, smještaj ili najam te da se navede jasna odredba o tome u čije ime i za čiji račun agencija posluje, jer upravo o tome ovisi i porezni položaj navedene usluge. Naime, ako putnička agencija radi u svoje ime, obvezna je, od dana ulaska Republike Hrvatske u Europsku uniju, primijeniti posebni postupak oporezivanja putničkih agencija. Opširnije o posebnostima kod pružanja i oporezivanja usluga smještaja može se pročitati u nastavku članka. 1. Uvod 2. Koje usluge mogu pružati turističke agencije 3. Načini pružanja usluge smještaja i pružanje ugostiteljske usluge 4. Primjena posebnog postupka oporezivanja putničkih agencija 5. Zaključak
VAT is to be paid by each person who has the status of a supplier, an acquirer or a buyer, an invoice issuer or the person registered for the VAT needs. The VAT liability arises after it has been determined that a certain transaction subjects to taxation in Croatia due to the fact that it has been performed by the tax payer who operates as such, i.e. such a transaction belongs to the territory where VAT taxation is applied. The liability of VAT payment does not only comprise the tax payers registered as VAT payers, but also those registered for VAT liabilities. The aim of the Croatia’s VAT Act is for the tax payers performing transaction with the EU to take over the VAT payment liability if the taxation place is in the Republic of Croatia. Accordingly, the foreign tax payers are not obliged to be registered in the Republic of Croatia.
The article points to a certain vagueness and dilemmas in the tax and other articles, which result in the legal insecurity. This especially refers to the General Taxation Act, which should be amended by better solutions, in order to protect the rights of tax payers in the procedures at tax bodies and to provide more efficient tax procedures by tax bodies. On the other hand, the defined regulations of the Tax Administration should not determine those procedural issues which have already been regulated by some other act.
All the profit tax payers are obliged to prepare the annual account of their operations and submit the annual tax return for 2013 in the corresponding PD Form to the Tax Administration Office until 30 April 2014. Before the submission of the PD Form the tax payers were obliged to adjust the balance per specific types of the paid taxes with the authorized Tax Administration Office. If during the adjustment procedure it has been determined that the tax was overpaid in the form of advance payments compared to the determined obligation in the annual account, the tax payer may make a written claim for the return of cash assets on his/her giro account or may require for the overpaid amount to be reclassified on other accounts in order to settle the liabilities of the current period.
Autor: Mr. sc. Mirjana MAHOVIĆ KOMLJENOVIĆ, dipl. oec.
Due to the fact that in the Republic of Croatia the possibility of cash payment in foreign currency is limited by the foreign currency regulations, foreign currency cash has to be converted into HRK. This conversion may be performed by banks and authorized foreign exchange offices within their exchange operations. Exchange operations comprise purchase and sales of foreign currency and collection of foreign currency cheques. Authorized foreign currency exchange offices are residents – crafts businesses, sole traders and legal persons who have obtained the licence of the Croatian National Bank. The article presents the procedures of obtaining and keeping such a licence.
Autor: Mr. sc. Nada DREMEL , dipl. oec., ovl. rač., ovl. rev. i porezni savjetnik
A customs warehouse is a space which has been approved by the customs body and the purpose of which is to store the goods that do not have the Community status. The reason for the use of a customs warehouse is to postpone the payment of import duties during the period in which certain goods are placed in a customs warehouse. The article presents the types of customs warehouses and their differences.
For the cases when the declared value of the goods differs from the specific reference value the EU has determined, besides the defined customs tariff rates of goods (ad valorem), the introduction of the additional customs tariffs and guarantees, in order to provide a real value level of certain imported products. Following the principle that the lower the price of the imported goods is, the higher are the tariffs on such goods, the EU protects its customers and its market from the excessive import of poor quality goods.
The new Act on Consumers’ Protection became effective on 8 April 2014.The most significant new provisions comprise a more detailed determination of the obligations of the seller and the consumers’ rights regarding signing the remote contracts out of the business premises of consumers, as well as the new rules for the specific forms and opportunities of sales.
The recently published Rulebooks provide the explanation of employment quotas for all the employers who have more than 20 employees according to the new Act on Professional Rehabilitation and Employment of Disabled Persons, which became effective on 1 January 2014. In the case when employers do not employ the corresponding number of disabled persons until 1 January 2015, they will be obliged to pay penalties.
Autor: Anamarija Miletić , dipl. oec., ACCA i ovl. rev.
Due to the fact that the summer time is approaching and thus the time of using annual holidays, there are frequent questions on the legal determination and the way of using annual holidays. This article provides the answers to the questions, such a how to determine the duration of the annual holiday, in which case does the employee has the right to the full or partial annual holiday, in which cases and how should the holiday bonus be paid, including the compensation for the unused annual holiday, and a number of other questions which appear in practice. The article also provides a sample of the part of the labour rulebook, according to which the employer may determine the use of annual holidays on the company’s level, and points to the forthcoming changes of the provisions of the Labour Act, which is presently being reviewed.
Pitanja u vezi s odgovornosti poslodavca za štetu uzrokovanu radniku te savjetovanje s radničkim vijećem pri donošenju stanovitih odluka iznimno su bitna i vrlo zastupljena u praksi. Detaljnije o svemu tome u nastavku u prikazu sudskih odluka, s napomenom da je ova sudska praksa aktualna i u primjeni sada važećeg Zakona o radu. 1. Uvod 2. Nema osnove za odštetnu odgovornost poslodavca - kad su odluke poslodavca (za koje radnik smatra da su njima povrijeđena radnička prava) postale konačnima, jer radnik protiv njih nije tražio zaštitu prava 3. Odgovornost poslodavca i naknada neimovinske štete 4. Obveza savjetovanja s radničkim vijećem
A significant number of companies in Croatia has been deleted from the court registerbased on the forced provisions of the Act on Court Register due to the fulfilment of the legally determined conditions and due to the fact that the legal representative of such a company has not made an appeal within the legal deadline. There arises a question what to do with the assets of the company which remain after it has been deleted from the court register, since it stops existing. The former director of such a company may propose to the court to appoint a liquidator who would carry out the liquidation of the company. According to the legal procedure the liquidator may then sell such assets.
1. Uvodni pregled 2. Cijene u RH i EU-u 3. Proizvođačke cijene industrije RH i EU-a 4. Industrijska proizvodnja RH i EU-a 5. Vanjskotrgovinska razmjena 6. Trgovina na malo 7. Turizam 8. Plaće 9. Likvidnost i insolventnost 10. Zaposlenost i nezaposlenost hrvatske i EU-a